Trees are a long-term investment in landscapes that will pay dividends for years to come. Celebrate Arbor Day 2025 this week by planting a tree. Following some key planting process guidelines will help ensure the successful planting of your new tree.

Selecting trees to properly fit site conditions initiate the process. Take time to consider all factors involved with the landscape location and research into trees making a good match. Once a planting location is determined, check for any overhead utility lines and call diggers hotline to mark any underground utilities in the vicinity.

When the time comes to purchase trees, choose vigorous stock free of any signs of damage. Make sure root balls are solid. Trees may be purchased as bare root, container, or balled & burlap (B&B) stock. For each type of stock, look for the natural root flare, which is a widening where the stem meets the roots. This assists you in planting trees at the proper depth.

Proper depth and width when preparing planting holes plays a crucial role in successful transplanting of trees. Proper depth should be the same as growing in the nursery; measure (and use) the distance from the root flare to the bottom of the root ball or root mass. Avoid digging holes too deep and refilling, as tree root balls often settle after planting. Root balls should sit on firm soil. Ideally make planting holes 3 to 5 times the width of the root ball and roughen the sides.

Carefully place trees into properly prepared holes. Always support root balls when handling trees; do not just lift by trunks alone. Remove containers before planting and cut any circling roots. Burlap, twine, and wire associated with wrapped root balls (balled & burlap stock) should be carefully cut away after trees are secure in the planting hole. Always avoid any burlap extending above the soil surface after planting.

When backfilling planting holes, return the same soil that was removed. Do not heavily amend backfill with organic material. Also avoid putting gravel, sand, or fertilizer on the bottom of planting holes. Lightly tamp or water to settle air pockets when placing soil back in the hole. Refill planting holes in thirds rather than all at once.

Mulch root zones after planting but keep mulch away from direct contact with the trunk. Water thoroughly after planting and then as needed to avoid drought stress. If staking trees is necessary, only do so for the shortest time needed. Make sure stakes are outside planting holes and protect bark from rope, twine, or wire. Inspect and readjust as needed.

Happy Arbor Day!